Global distribution and evolutionary transitions of angiosperm sexual systems

Angiosperm sexual systems are fundamental to the evolution and distribution of plant diversity, yet spatiotemporal patterns in angiosperm their drivers remain poorly known. Using data on distributions 68453 species, we present first global maps system frequencies evaluate during Cenozoic. Frequencies dioecy monoecy increase with latitude, while hermaphrodites more frequent warm arid regions. Transitions from other states were higher than hermaphroditism, but transitions away increased since Cenozoic, suggesting that is not an evolutionary end point. between hermaphroditism increased, decreased paleo-temperature when >0℃. Our study demonstrates biogeography a macroecological perspective, enhances our understanding diversity response climate change.