Glacier response to the Little Ice Age during the Neoglacial cooling in Greenland

In the Northern Hemisphere, an insolation driven Early to Middle Holocene Thermal Maximum was followed by a Neoglacial cooling that culminated during Little Ice Age (LIA). Here, we review glacier response this in Greenland. Changes ice margins of outlet glaciers from Greenland Sheet as well local and caps are synthesized Greenland-wide. addition, compare temperature reconstructions cores, elevation changes sheet across oceanographic marine sediment cores over past 5,000 years. The data derived comprehensive literature supplemented with unpublished reports. Our provides synthesis sensitivity their variability, which is critical understanding how activity interrupted current anthropogenic warming. We have reconstructed three distinct periods expansion our compilation: two older advances at 2,500 – 1,700 yrs. BP (Before Present = 1950 CE, Common Era) 1,250 950 BP; general advance younger between 700-50 BP, represents LIA. There still insufficient outline detailed spatio-temporal relationships these expansion. Many advanced early persisted close proximity present-day position until end Thus, LIA Hemisphere must be seen within wider context entire period appears closely linked elevation, accumulation, surface-water surrounding oceans. At least for youngest advances, volcanic forcing triggering sea-ice /ocean feedback, could explain initiation. probably several fluctuations since first culmination 1250 CE (Common available suggests culminations 1400s, mid-1700s mid-1800s CE. last maxima lasted present deglaciation commenced around 50 (1900 CE). constraints provided here on timing magnitude delivers more realistic background validation modelling future stability.