Generation of Optical Skyrmions with Tunable Topological Textures

In recent times, the optical-analogous skyrmions, topological quasiparticles with sophisticated vectorial structures in light, have received an increasing amount of interest. Here we propose theortically and experimentally a generalized family these, tunable optical unveiling new mechanism to transform between various skyrmionic topologies, including Néel, Bloch, antiskyrmion types, via simple parametric tuning. addition, geometric Skyrme–Poincaré representation is proposed visualize complete evolution which term skyrmion torus. To generate skyrmions experimentally, implemented digital hologram system based on spatial light modulator, results show great agreement our theoretical predictions.