FÜTÜVVET TARİHİNDE BİR DÖNÜM NOKTASI: HALİFE NÂSIR Lİ- DİNİLLÂH’IN FÜTÜVVETİ TANZİMİ

Having been an ʿAbbāsid Caliph in such a period when the Caliphate office lost its political authority and symbolically serviced as religious power, al-Nāṣir li-Dīn Allāh desired to reset of Islamic world. For doing so he did notable military, political, intellectual social reforms. One reforms that dates back earlier times was improve concept position idea futuwwa under his authority. Term “futuwwa,” referring youth, bravery gallantry derives from Arabic term fetā means youth Arabic. Two different types have developed historical process. is resulted due fact demographic changes Middle East. Especially, after conquests around East, rapid urbanization has appeared there. This phenomen caused weaken ties within tribe members. Unitary function replaced with unities were formed by young people who having same profession had ideology. The purpose this development increase cooperation association activities. Moreover, ṣūfism also created kind requires men be virtuous do favours for others without any personal interest. It meaningful emphasizes public service. As result some scattered disobedient unites, ordered al-Suhrawardī leading ṣūfī era compose new doctrine related futuwwa. Al-Suhrawardī tried integrate unites ṣūfistic approach aimed form they devote themselves Furthermore, declared himself leader all groups not hesitate disband obeying In way, only overcome but over finally, entire unavoidably confirm power. seen focused on rearranging mission unite Muslims power ignoring denominational differences Muslims. Thus, legitimized during reign li- Dīn turned shape craft guilds following periods it organize artisan Muslim societies. Therefore, which spread title Akhīsm Anatolia contributes socio-economic life Anatolia. study, role discussed sense perception reforms, possible aims regarding phenomenon covered. Keywords: Futuwwa, Akhīsm, Allāh, ʿAbbāsid.