FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS AND INTERVENTION FOR BREATH HOLDING

Breath-holding and its breakpoint.

This article reviews the basic properties of breath-holding in humans and the possible causes of the breath at breakpoint. The simplest objective measure of breath-holding is its duration, but even this is highly variable. Breath-holding is a voluntary act, but normal subjects appear unable to breath-hold to unconsciousness. A powerful involuntary mechanism normally overrides voluntary breath-h...

breath-holding spells: an analysis of 43 cases

objective: breath holding spells, very often misinterpreted as epileptic seizures, are most common in children aged 6 months to 6 years of age. in this investigation, we sought to prospectively document the natural history of breath holding spells (bhs) among children with cyanotic, pallid and mixed type bhs referred for neurological consultation. materials & methods: this was a cross-sectional...

The limits of breath holding.

Breath-holding spells in infants.

QUESTION I have children in my clinic who experience seizurelike episodes in which they cry and hold their breath to the point of cyanosis and loss of consciousness. Their examination or investigation findings are normal and referral to a pediatric specialist results in no further investigation. Are breath-holding spells common, and what type of investigation is needed? ANSWER A breath-holdin...

Cyanotic 'breath holding' and sudden death.