From pains-taking to pains-giving comparisons

Growing Pains

CONTEXT The term growing pains describes a common, benign syndrome of recurrent discomfort that occurs in young children. First described in the 1800s, the etiology of this condition remains unclear. The peak incidence does not correspond to a time of rapid growth. Children typically report bilateral pain in the lower extremities that occurs late in the day or at night. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION T...

Orofacial Pains

1Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute for Cognitive Science Studies, Tehran, Iran 2Department of Dental Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran 3Programme in Experimental Medicine and Therapy, Doctoral School in Life and Health Sciences, Maxillofacial Surgery Section, Surgical Sciences Department, S. Giovanni Battista Hospital, University of Turin, Turin,...

Growing pains.

Growing pains.

Background: MeCP2, methyl-CpG-binding protein 2, binds to methylated cytosines at CpG dinucleotides, as well as to unmethylated DNA, and affects chromatin condensation. MECP2 mutations in females lead to Rett syndrome, a neurological disorder characterized by developmental stagnation and regression, loss of purposeful hand movements and speech, stereotypic hand movements, deceleration of brain ...

Pains, gains, and midbrains.

O ne of the main aims of neuroscience is to understand how the CNS deals with and adapts to external inputs and internal events. The altered molecular and cellular events form a basis for abnormal processing that underlies physiopathological events. Understanding these events can allow translation from bench science to the patient, and a key step in this process is using models of a clinical co...