From “footprint” to relationships: Impacts of US military base on Okinawa

How does militarism impact the natural environment? There is a growing body of scholarly work interrogating intersection environmental impacts and military activities from what can be referred to as “footprint” perspective, which documents tangible impacts. Further, this paper introduces an alternative perspective on militarism's impacts, emphasizes Indigenous people's relationship environment, calls relational perspective. This review argues that emerging research concerning US bases in Okinawa employs echoes insights studies see land field things each other. Overall, acknowledges there reciprocal bridges humans nonhuman subjectivity, including animals, plants, some places, like Okinawa, prioritize gives us different angle how we long-lasting militarism, countermeasures climate crisis. Military necessitate resources exist. However, it not only those material get affected. Relationships with essential aspect epistemology, are also impacted.