Fractal injectors to intensify liquid-phase processes by controlling the turbulent flow field

Fractal injectors can be used to intensify liquid-phase processes. The flow field, vortex structure and turbulent mixing performance induced by fractal with three different dimensions (D = 2, 2.58 3) are investigated. CFD simulations, using a renormalization group (RNG) k-ε turbulence model, validated particle image velocimetry (PIV) measurements. formation mechanism of the vortices studied. Both spiral double toroidal produced, latter jet impingement. These interact each other within generating unit. For same total volumetric rate, injector D achieve better uniformity than 2 or 3, while maintaining similarly high rate when 2. This is due enhanced entrainment mutually interacting pairs mixing.