Fluid droplet spreading and adhesion studied with a microbalance: a review

A contact angle observed for a liquid–solid system is not necessarily unique value, and few angles need to be considered carefully in relation liquid spreading, adhesion phase separation. Understanding of the significance different has improved last years through direct measurements interactive forces between droplets/bubbles solids together with simultaneous visualization changes their shapes. microelectronic balance employed measure force spreading after either droplet or gas bubble attachment substrate surface droplet/bubble–substrate droplet/bubble compression, retraction detachment. Equipped camera flank data-acquisition software, instrument measures directly forces, monitors droplet/bubble–surface separation respect distances over which stretches collects optical images simultaneously. The are used analyze capillary pressure tension based on measured dimensions, shapes surfaces values angles. These allow researchers correlate advancing, receding most stable scientific meaning. This review summarizes very recent literature reports interpretation droplet/gas associated