Floral and Pollen Traits of Moringa oleifera Lam. and Moringa peregrina (Forssk.) Fiori Provide Reproductive Adaptations for Arid Conditions

Our study attempted to elucidate the significance of floral and pollen traits highly nutritious tropical trees Moringa oleifera peregrina for their reproductive success under arid conditions. We found that grains both species were immersed in a pollenkitt constituted ~60% pollen. Successful pollination was achieved by large bees inserting into narrow stylar tube. that, upon removal pollenkitt, approximately 65% fewer penetrated tube species. The protected against heat desiccation, while removing resulted significantly reduced levels viability grains, especially M. oleifera, germinability provided high protection desiccation even when removed. Chemical analysis pollenkitts two revealed waxy blend 21 hydrocarbon compounds, which n-alkanes >90% compounds identity corresponded known plant animal hydrocarbons, associated with water stress. concluded conditions, is potentially enhanced unique traits. This supports prospect cultivating as food crops regions across globe.