Flame self-interactions in an open turbulent jet spray flame

A three-dimensional direct numerical simulation database of an open turbulent jet spray flame representing a laboratory-scale burner configuration has been analyzed to investigate self-interactions (FSIs) in the presence flow induced shear, best authors' knowledge, for first time. The FSI occurrences [i.e., unburned gas mixture pockets (UBGPs), tunnel formations (TFs), closures (TCs), and burned (BGPs)] have identified across at different axial locations. It found that interplays between turbulence, droplet evaporation, chemistry significant influence on topological nature surface. Close exit, events are occur toward side flame, but moving further away from there within where increasingly fuel-rich, low Damkohler number conditions occur. In this study, be predominantly TFs TCs, which is consistent with previous analyses premixed flames combustion droplet-laden mixtures. However, non-negligible UBGPs BGPs also observed case. results obtained analysis important implications modeling perspective topologies surface, will, turn, affect flame-surface based approaches. Accordingly, findings current may need accounted during development surface-based context flames.