Fire Safety Risk Analysis of Conventional Submarines

Conventional (diesel-electric) submarines can provide improved stealth compared to nuclear once submerged. This is because are generally larger and required operate their reactors at all times, unlike diesel-electric which smaller run exclusively on batteries when submerged requires fewer moving parts. These characteristics normally result in a acoustic, thermal magnetic signature afford greater However, the current underwater range endurance limited by energy storage or generation for operation. The application of emerging technology seeks address this limitation significant tactical operational advantages conventional submarine operator. From fire safety perspective, potential addition technologies such as rechargeable lithium-ion batteries, Air Independent Propulsion (AIP) systems increasingly sophisticated electronic equipment dramatically changes risk space an already challenging unforgiving environment. study reviews functions, failure modes maturity that have serious implications. A semi-quantitative assessment associated with large future design options AIP provided. concludes pose greatest challenge regard integration into without compromising reliability safety.