Fillers

Dermal fillers and combinations of fillers for facial rejuvenation.

Until recently, the use of dermal fillers was limited in the United States by the small number of products approved by the Food and Drug Administration. The products now approved for use in the United States have opened up the range of possibilities for combinations of products that are synergistic in their effects. Combinations of products may be discussed in temporal or anatomic relationships...

Injectable skin fillers.

The list of injectable skin fillers available for soft tissue augmentation is constantly growing, giving aesthetic surgeons more options in the treatment of scars, lines, and wrinkles. Each type of filler is distinct with regard to intended use, placement technique, duration in tissue, ease of use, and cost. Physicians who are well acquainted with the strengths and weaknesses of each class of f...

Midface volumization with injectable fillers.

The aging midface has long been overlooked in cosmetic surgery. Our understanding of facial aging in terms of 3 dimensions has placed increased importance on volume restoration. Although an "off-label" indication for most fillers in this facial region, volumization of the midface with injectable fillers is usually a safe and straightforward procedure technically. Injectors, nevertheless, need t...

Part One Polymers and Fillers

Fillers and Facial Fat Pads

Fillers are used for facial sculpturing and anti-ageing treatments with increasing popularity. The optimal outcome of any filler treatment depends upon different factors: exact indication, known limitations, filler product, and filler placement. For volumizing effect and longevity of procedures, however, the interaction of fillers and facial fat pads seems to be crucial. Here, we will review th...