Fault rock injections record paleo-earthquakes

The Physics of Rock Failure and Earthquakes

Physical modeling of earthquake generation processes is essential to further our understanding of seismic hazard. However, the scale-dependent nature of earthquake rupture processes is further complicated by the heterogeneous nature of the crust. Despite significant advances in the understanding of earthquake generation processes, and the derivation of underlying physical laws, controversy rema...

Normal fault earthquakes or graviquakes

Earthquakes are dissipation of energy throughout elastic waves. Canonically is the elastic energy accumulated during the interseismic period. However, in crustal extensional settings, gravity is the main energy source for hangingwall fault collapsing. Gravitational potential is about 100 times larger than the observed magnitude, far more than enough to explain the earthquake. Therefore, normal ...

Fault geometry and earthquakes in continental interiors

Although large earthquakes in continental interiors are much less frequent than those along plate boundaries, they have been responsible for a disproportionate amount of destruction. I present a testable model for strain accumulation and seismicity in the upper crust of continental interiors. Intersecting faults provide a focus for strain build-up, resulting in local pockets of high strain accu...

Resolving Fault Plane Ambiguity for Small Earthquakes

Dinosaur diversity and the rock record.

Palaeobiodiversity analysis underpins macroevolutionary investigations, allowing identification of mass extinctions and adaptive radiations. However, recent large-scale studies on marine invertebrates indicate that geological factors play a central role in moulding the shape of diversity curves and imply that many features of such curves represent sampling artefacts, rather than genuine evoluti...