Expression Profiling of the Slow Rusting Resistance Genes Lr34/Yr18 and Lr67/Yr46 in Common Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and Associated miRNAs Patterns

The main efforts in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) breeding focus on yield, grain quality, and resistance to biotic abiotic stresses. One of the major threats affecting global cultivation causing significant crop production losses are rust diseases, including leaf caused by a biotrophic fungus Puccinia triticina Eriks. Genetically determined has been characterized young plants (seedling resistance) as well at adult plant stage. At seedling stage, is controlled vertically R genes, conferring race-specific response that highly effective but usually short-lived due rapid evolution potentially virulent fungi. In mature plants, horizontal (APR) was described, which provides long-term protection against multiple races pathogens. A better understanding molecular mechanisms underlying function APR genes would enable development new strategies for wheat. Therefore, present study we focused early transcriptomic responses two Lr34 Lr67, three complementary miRNAs, tae-miR9653b, tae-miR9773 tae-miR9677b, inoculation with P. triticina. Plant material consisted five reference varieties, Artigas, NP846, Glenlea, Lerma Rojo TX89D6435, containing Lr34/Yr18 Lr67/Yr46 genes. Biotic stress induced fungal spores under conditions phytotron. tissue sampled before 6, 12, 24 48 h postinoculation (hpi). gene expression quantified using real-time PCR whereas miRNA droplet digital PCR. This paper describes rust-causing fungi occur central Europe. revealed high variability profiles between varieties time-points, prevalence downregulation upregulation miRNAs during an defense response. Nevertheless, despite initially observed, Lr67 studied cultivars significantly higher than control line carrying wild (susceptible) alleles.