Exploring the performance of magnetic methacrylic acid-functionalized β-cyclodextrin adsorbent toward selected phenolic compounds

Abstract In this study, the removal of bisphenol A (BPA), 2,4-dinitrophenol (2,4-DNP), and 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) using a new magnetic adsorbent methacrylic acid-functionalized β-cyclodextrin (Fe 3 O 4 @MAA-βCD) was evaluated. The materials were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, transmission microscopy, X-ray diffraction. batch adsorption experiments optimized evaluated various operational parameters such as pH, contact time, sorbent dosage, initial concentration, temperature. result shows that DNP possessed most excellent affinity toward Fe @MAA-βCD adsorbents compared to BPA DCP. Also, showed lowest used model analyte for further study. kinetic data revealed uptake these compounds follows pseudo-second order. Freundlich Halsey isotherms best-fitted equilibrium data. desorption process exothermic spontaneous, lower temperature favored adsorption. Furthermore, hydrogen bonding, inclusion complexion, π–π interactions contributed selected phenolic compound’s