منابع مشابه
Evolution of vertebrate visual pigments
The visual pigments of vertebrates evolved about 500 million years ago, before the major evolutionary step of the development of jaws. Four spectrally distinct classes of cone opsin evolved through gene duplication, followed by the rod opsin class that arose from the duplication of the middle-wave-sensitive cone opsin. All four cone classes are present in many extant teleost fish, reptiles and ...
متن کاملPrimary structures of chicken cone visual pigments: vertebrate rhodopsins have evolved out of cone visual pigments.
The chicken retina contains rhodopsin (a rod visual pigment) and four kinds of cone visual pigments. The primary structures of chicken red (iodopsin) and rhodopsin have been determined previously. Here we report isolation of three cDNA clones encoding additional pigments from a chicken retinal cDNA library. Based on the partial amino acid sequences of the purified chicken visual pigments togeth...
متن کاملEvolution of visual pigments and related molecules.
The molecular phylogenetic tree of vertebrate visual pigments, constructed on the basis of amino acid sequence identity, suggests that the visual pigments can be classified into five groups (L, ML, MS, S and Rh) and that their genes have evolved along these five gene lines. Goldfish has a UV-sensitive visual pigment (S group) localized in miniature single cone cells. Medaka has one type of rod ...
متن کاملAvian visual pigments: characteristics, spectral tuning, and evolution.
Birds are highly visual animals with complex visual systems. In this article, we discuss the spectral characteristics and genetic mechanisms of the spectral tuning of avian visual pigments. The avian retina contains a single type of rod, four spectrally distinct types of single cone, and a single type of double cone photoreceptor. Only the single cones are thought to be involved in color discri...
متن کاملVertebrate ultraviolet visual pigments: protonation of the retinylidene Schiff base and a counterion switch during photoactivation.
For visual pigments, a covalent bond between the ligand (11-cis-retinal) and receptor (opsin) is crucial to spectral tuning and photoactivation. All photoreceptors have retinal bound via a Schiff base (SB) linkage, but only UV-sensitive cone pigments have this moiety unprotonated in the dark. We investigated the dynamics of mouse UV (MUV) photoactivation, focusing on SB protonation and the func...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Current Biology
سال: 2006
ISSN: 0960-9822
DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2006.06.016