Evaluation of Agricultural Eco-Efficiency and Its Spatiotemporal Differentiation in China, Considering Green Water Consumption and Carbon Emissions Based on Undesired Dynamic SBM-DEA

Both agricultural output and environmental pollution in China show certain characteristics of spatiotemporal variation due to the evolution inter-provincial disparities resource endowment, economic development level, production mode. This paper considered green water consumption, carbon emissions production, persistent role fixed asset investment, constructed an undesired dynamic SBM-DEA model, evaluated eco-efficiency (AEE) 31 provinces from 2007 2018, analyzing differentiation. The results that, during 2007–2018, following can be concluded: (1) AEE showed overall stable rise 0.64 0.70 but uneven among regions 2018. (2) averages either consumption efficiency index or emission slightly increased over time, while average value investment a decline volatility. spatial discrepancy any mainly stems disparity between groups with high low one, contribution rates more than 85%. (3) It is recommended emphasize strengthening communication cooperation implement distinct regional strategies improve AEE.