Evaluating the applicability of conventional CPT-based liquefaction assessment procedures to reclaimed gravelly soils

Gravelly soils are not well represented in current semi-empirical liquefaction procedures, which raises the question of whether state-of-the-practice evaluation methods based on sands applicable to gravelly soils. This paper investigates applicability Cone Penetration Test triggering and settlement procedures case histories well-graded reclaimed soil at CentrePort, New Zealand. Sensitivity studies analysis show uncertainty cyclic demand is larger than resistance within a critical layer. However, modelling over entire depth fill for resistance, can vary by 50% due single material-characterization parameter, i.e., fines content or behavior type index. Sand-based liquefaction-induced found be generally gravels that have dominant silty sand fraction matrix, though they overestimate relative density therefore underestimate post-liquefaction The emphasizes importance composition, its effects packing, penetration context procedures.