European Union: From social integration to social state

the role of russia in transmission of energy from central asia and caucuses to european union

پس ازفروپاشی شوروی،رشد منابع نفت و گاز، آسیای میانه و قفقاز را در یک بازی ژئوپلتیکی انرژی قرار داده است. با در نظر گرفتن این منابع هیدروکربنی، این منطقه به یک میدانجنگ و رقابت تجاری برای بازی های ژئوپلتیکی قدرت های بزرگ جهانی تبدیل شده است. روسیه منطقه را به عنوان حیات خلوت خود تلقی نموده و علاقمند به حفظ حضورش می باشد تا همانند گذشته گاز طبیعی را به وسیله خط لوله مرکزی دریافت و به عنوان یک واس...

The Social Policy of the European Union

This paper aims at briefly analyzing the social policy of the European Union (EU), in terms of its place, purpose and objectives in the general EU policies, as well as from the legal and practical points of view. The main objectives of the employment and social policy in the EU member states are promoting full employment of people able to work, improving living and working conditions, and harmo...

Patterns of social protection expenditure in the European Union

This paper compares the patterns of social protection expenditure among the countries of the European Union during the period 1980{94. During such period, social protection looks not just like a \normal good" but rather like a \luxury", as expenditure increases more than proportionally with GDP per-capita. The picture becomes more complicated when social protection expenditure is broken down by...

Social Inclusion and Income Distribution in the European Union

Measuring Immigrant Integration in the European Union

In 2010, German Chancellor Angela Merkel claimed that multiculturalism had “utterly failed,” a statement, which was quickly echoed by French President Nicolas Sarkozy and British Prime Minister David Cameron. This belief that multiculturalism had created divided populations across European had also been debated fiercely in the academic literature on immigration and immigrant integration since t...