Estimating Animals

Estimating the efficacy of transcranial magnetic stimulation in small animals

The efficacy of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is determined by the magnitude and direction of the induced electric field in the cortex. The electric field distribution is influenced by the conductivity structure, in particular, the size of the head and the shapes of conductivity boundaries. We show that neglecting the head size can result in overestimating the stimulus intensity by a ...

Estimating the Diets of Animals Using Stable Isotopes and a Comprehensive Bayesian Mixing Model

Using stable isotope mixing models (SIMMs) as a tool to investigate the foraging ecology of animals is gaining popularity among researchers. As a result, statistical methods are rapidly evolving and numerous models have been produced to estimate the diets of animals--each with their benefits and their limitations. Deciding which SIMM to use is contingent on factors such as the consumer of inter...

Critical evaluation of in vitro methods for estimating digestibility in simple-stomach animals.

I N T R O D U C T I O N . . 142 IN VIVO D I G E S T I O N I N SIMPLE-STOMACH A N I M A L S . . 142 S T O M A C H . . . 143 SMALL INTESTINE . . 143 H I N D G U T . . 143 FACTORS I N F L U E N C I N G DIGESTIBILITY I N V I V O . . 144 I N VITRO M E T H O D S FOR E S T I M A T I N G D I G E S T I B I L I T Y . . . 145 D I A L Y S I S CELL METHOD . . 145 Objective . . 145 Principle . . 145 Methods....

An Alignment-free Regression Approach to Estimating Allele-Specific Expression in F1 Animals

We wish to study allele-specific expression in diploid organisms, specifically in F1 animals with inbred parental strains. Current methods for analyzing allele-specific expression rely on read alignment, which leads to reference bias unless there is prior knowledge of all genomic variants in the parental strains. However, in the case where RNA-seq data is available for both parental strains, we...

Estimating Closed Population Size and Number of Marked Animals from Sighting Data