Environmental Impact Assessment of Autonomous Transportation Systems
نویسندگان
چکیده
The transportation industry has led efforts to fight climate change and reduce air pollution. Autonomous electric vehicles (A-EVs) that use artificial intelligence, next-generation batteries, etc., are predicted replace conventional internal combustion engine (ICEVs) (EVs) in the coming years. In this study, we performed a life cycle assessment analyze A-EVs compare their impacts with those from EV ICEV systems. scope of analysis consists manufacturing phases, functional unit 150,000 miles·passenger was chosen for assessment. Our results on phase analyzed systems show A-EV have higher than other majority categories (e.g., global warming potential, ozone depletion, human toxicity-cancer) and, average, were found be slightly more environmentally friendly high due additional components such as cameras, sonar, radar. comparing phase, also impact automation outperform many aspects, including acidification, smog formation. To interpret better, investigated electricity grids alternative options three representative countries different combinations renewable primary energy resources hydroelectric, nuclear, coal. revealed used regions hydropower-based mix become most option others.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Energies
سال: 2023
ISSN: ['1996-1073']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/en16135009