Environmental control of autoimmune inflammation in the central nervous system

Prolactin: Friend or Foe in Central Nervous System Autoimmune Inflammation?

The higher prevalence of multiple sclerosis (MS) in females, along with the modulation of disease activity observed during pregnancy and the post-partum period, has suggested a hormonal influence in MS. Even if prolactin (PRL) does not belong to the sex hormones family, its crucial role in female reproduction and lactation has prompted great efforts to understand if PRL could represent a gender...

ADENOSINE IN THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

Besides being a metabolite of nucleotides like ATP, adenosine is a mediator of neuronal function in the central nervous system. Its actions are mediated by at least three extracellular receptors. In this review different aspects of adenosine such as biosynthesis, release, inactivation and its receptors are discussed. It also covers pre- and postsynaptic effects as well as postreceptor mecha...

Central Nervous System Inflammation Critical for the Control of Autoimmune Gp130-Dependent Astrocytic Survival Is

Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia preceding the Diagnosis of Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma

In this study, a 2.5-year-old boy suffering from a febrile seizure with normal laboratory tests and a history of immune hemolytic anemia was examined. Brain MRI demonstrated some tumors in the frontal, parietal, and occipital lobe that corroborated the pathology results of primary central nervous system lymphoma for the patient. The patient was treated with high- dose of Methotrexate. Our re...

Vitamin D Modulates the Expression of IL-27 and IL-33 in the Central Nervous System in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Background: It has been reported that vitamin D has broad anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. Objective: To evaluate the effects of vitamin D on the expression of IL-27 and IL-33 in a model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Methods: EAE was induced in C57BL/6 mice by immunization with myelin oligodendroglial glycoprotein mixed with complete Freund's adjuvant. The m...