Enhanced tolerance to salinity stress in grapevine plants through application of carbon quantum dots functionalized by proline

Salinity has destructive impacts in plant production; therefore, application of new approaches such as nanotechnology and priming is attracting increasing attention an innovative means to ameliorate salt stress effects. Considering the unique properties recorded beneficial influence carbon quantum dots (CQDs) proline growth physiological parameters when applied individually, their conjugation form dot nanoparticles functionalized by (Pro-CQDs NPs) could lead synergistic Accordingly, experiment was conducted evaluate impact this advanced nanomaterial a chemical agent, grapevine plants cv. ‘Rasha’. For purpose, proline, CQDs, Pro-CQDs NPs at three concentrations (0, 50, 100 mg L−1) were exogenously 48 h prior salinity (0 mM NaCl) that imposed for month. Three days after imposing stress, array biochemical measurements recorded, while agronomic some noted end period. Results revealed treatment both concentrations, well CQDs low concentration, positively affected under non-stress conditions. Specifically, L−1 50 resulted optimal performance identifying treatment. Proline increased leaf fresh weight (FW) dry (DW); chl a, b, content; SOD activity conditions; Y (II) carotenoid CAT control NP enhanced total phenol, anthocyanin, Fv/Fo, APX GP activities conditions, carotenoid, (II), salinity. Furthermore, it decreased MDA H2O2 contents conditions EL (NO) stress. Overall, with further improving protective effect L−1. Therefore, functionalization agents appears be effective optimizing plant-priming towards efficient amelioration abiotic stress–related damage plants.