Energy loss and energy loss straggling of fast heavy ions in matter

Convolution approximation for the energy loss, ionization probability and straggling of fast ions

Impact of Extended Charge Distribution on Energy-Loss Straggling of Heavy Ions

The energy-loss straggling of partially ionized heavy ions is determined by the stochastic fluctuations of the energy loss in atomic collisions remaining in a fixed charge state, (collisional straggling) and by the influence of charge-state fluctuations (charge-exchange straggling) [1, 2]. Besides the charge-changing cross sections the charge-exchange straggling depends critically on the differ...

Energy Loss in Matter by Heavy Particles

Skewness of energy-loss straggling and multiple-scattering energy distributions

Energy spread distributions due to electronic energy-loss straggling and multiple small-angle scattering of swift ions in matter are approximated by asymmetric Gaussian functions consisting of two-piece normal distributions. These skewed energy distributions approximate the distributions more accurately than the conventional approximation by Gaussian functions. The results are compared to exper...

Energy straggling of heavy ions in thin foils

2014 The energy straggling of heavy ion beams at tandem energies, passing through thin foils, has been studied with ions of mass up to A = 35. Charge exchange in the foils has been found to have a considerable effect on the energy spread. Thickness non-uniformities in the foils can also make significant contributions. Extrapolation of the observations to the case of a uniform carbon stripper fo...