Electronic payment systems in Russia and in foreign countries

Security in Electronic Payment Systems

The underlying model of an electronic payment system consists of three parties: a bank, a customer, and a shop. There are three different types of transactions within the system: withdrawal involving the bank and the customer, payment involving the customer and the shop, and deposit involving the shop and the bank. The customer's account is debited during withdrawal, and the shop is credited du...

critical period effects in foreign language learning:the influence of maturational state on the acquisition of reading,writing, and grammar in english as a foreign language

since the 1960s the age effects on learning both first and second language have been explored by many linguists and applied linguists (e.g lennerberg, 1967; schachter, 1996; long, 1990) and the existence of critical period for language acquisition was found to be a common ground of all these studies. in spite of some common findings, some issues about the impacts of age on acquiring a second or...

Electronic payment systems

Electronic payment systems

syntax notation (ASN.1),49–51basic encoding rules (BER), 50built-in types, 49defined, 49new data type example, 50, 51

2.3.6 Electronic Payment Systems

With the development of digital rights management systems, new commercial applications for the trade with digital goods will be introduced, and new information services will be provided. As digital goods or services can be delivered over networks, it is also desired that they can immediately be paid electronically. Thus, it is assumed that the trade with digital goods stimulates the deployment ...