Efficacy of indigenous Trichoderma isolates of West Timor, Indonesia, as biocontrol agents of brown spot (Drechslera oryzae) on two upland rice varieties

Abstract Background Brown spot disease is one of the most destructive foliar diseases rice. Biological control this considered more environmentally safe, but biological agents have limited availability. The fungus Trichoderma can be used as a biocontrol agent for various plant diseases, including brown spots. Indigenous species from West Timor were evaluated in study to reveal their effectiveness reducing upland was conducted under screen house condition using factorial treatment design laid out completely randomized design. two factors method ( T. viride, harzianum, hamatum , fungicide Trivia 73 WP, and treatment) rice genotype (Inpago 7 Breun Senaren 2). Results results showed that spp. WP caused significantly lower AUDPC apparent infection rate than treatment. total phenol content agronomic characters (number reproductive tillers per plant, number filled grains panicle, grain yield plant) higher treatments Meanwhile, tannin saponin levels non-significantly different among treatments. effectively suppressed rice, efficacy dependent on variety, with mean range over varieties 27.05–36.42%. increased differentially 2 varieties, increase 13.0% viride ), 23.5% harzianum 35.0% 19.9 % (Trivia WP). Conclusion Efficacy local varietal being effective producing highest varieties. future potential disease, it necessary further evaluate against replicated field trials.