Effects of wake interaction on energy extraction performance of tandem semi-active flapping foils

A numerical investigation was carried out to analyze the interactions between semi-active tandem flapping foils at various distances with a chord-based Reynolds number of 1100. Results indicate that distance less than 1.5 chord lengths and released in-phase, both exhibited terminal periodic motions nonzero mean stagger distance. In contrast, under other conditions, two ended up without stagger. Due high-pressure region near leading edge aft foil, heaving motion fore foil resulted in lower energy extraction performance single when 5 lengths. However, as increased, acted like foil. The demonstrated significant fluctuations parameters subjected wake favorable interaction power consumption for pitching enabled extract an additional 15.2% compared Conversely, during unfavorable wake–foil interaction, consumed more from motion, net consumption. initial inter-foil phase difference also significantly influenced Two models, global model, affect these configurations, proving effective capturing effects model displaying notable efficacy.