Effects of tree nut and groundnut consumption compared with those of l-arginine supplementation on fasting and postprandial flow-mediated vasodilation: Meta-analysis of human randomized controlled trials

Introductionl-arginine supplementation may improve vascular endothelial function. As tree nuts and groundnuts are a source of the amino acid l-arginine, we performed meta-analysis human randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to compare effects nut groundnut consumption with those l-arginine on fasting postprandial function as assessed by flow-mediated vasodilation brachial artery (FMD).MethodsSummary estimates weighted mean differences (WMDs) in FMD 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using random-effect meta-analyses.ResultsA total thirteen RCTs focusing nineteen investigating included. Longer-term increased 1.09 %-point (PP) (95% CI: 0.49, 1.69, P < 0.001; I2: 76.7%, 0.001), while (daily range: 3–21 g) 0.53 PP 0.12, 0.93; = 0.012; 91.6%, 0.001). Effects between treatments not statistically different (P 0.31). Tree did affect responses (1.25 PP, −0.31, 2.81, 0.12; 91.4%, whereas (range: 3–15 improved during phase 2.02 0.92, 3.13, 99.1%, However, treatment differ significantly 0.60). Overall, these results derive from high-quality evidence.ConclusionLonger-term groundnuts, well function, FMD. positive could be fully explained amount nuts. Only FMD, but groundnuts. Future studies should focus identifications bioactive nutrients mechanistic pathways behind longer-term changes (FMD). Summary meta-analyses. A evidence.