Effects of poor water, sanitation, and hygiene on child health in Godawari Municipality, Lalitpur, Nepal, with special reference to diarrheal disease and nutritional status: a cohort study

Malnutrition is one of the global burdens disease affecting children under-five in developing world and has a bidirectional relation with diarrhea. This study aimed to determine water, sanitation, hygiene (WASH) effects on diarrhea assess its relationship nutritional status among exposed non-exposed under age five years. A prospective cohort 434 was recruited followed up for 12 months Lalitpur. Socio-demographic, clinical, anthropometric measurements participants were recorded using World Health Organization (WHO) AnthroPlus. The observed incidence diarrheal illness 1.81 episodes per child/year (95% Confifence Interval (CI):1.75–1.87). Among poor WASH exposures, 63 (29.2%) had non-exposures, 59 (27.1%) total 183 (42.2%) linear growth retardation (stunted), 270 (62.2%) malnourished. Hazards groups 1.235 CI: 0.785-1.943) times higher than groups. Based findings, it recommended that government health organizations should plan Safe activities or interventions local communities. Moreover, they encourage social support promote behavioral change adopting safe practices.