Effect of Plant Species on the Performance and Bacteria Density Profile in Vertical Flow Constructed Wetlands for Domestic Wastewater Treatment in a Tropical Climate
نویسندگان
چکیده
Bacteria are frequently studied due to their involvement in pollutants transformation processes during wastewater treatment. In this study, the treatment efficiency, bacteria densities and vertical profile were investigated pilot-scale flow constructed wetlands (VFCW) planted with different plant species under a tropical climate west Africa. Five beds local species, i.e., Andropogon gayanus, Chrysopogon zizanioides, Echinochloa pyramidalis, Pennisetum purpureum Tripsacum laxum, while one bed remained unplanted. These have been rarely used CWs some (e.g., T. laxum) tested for first time. After 7-month trial, measured substrate samples separated into six layers along depth. Plants presence enhanced bacterial density VFCW efficiency; removal rates of organic matter (90.9–95.9%; COD 95.2–98.5%; BOD5), nitrogen (74.3–84%; TN 76–84%; NH4-N) phosphorus (77.4–96.9%; PO4-P) higher by 5.9–24.1% compared control bed, providing an overall excellent performance single-stage system. Small numbers anaerobic obtained VFCWs, explaining low-to-zero NO3-N removal, except VFCWs laxum P. purpureum. Aerobic decreased from upper bottom 17.4 0.1 × 106 CFU/g beds, increased 2.1 CFU/g. Anaerobic more abundant unplanted than beds. The total count was dominated aerobic bacteria, surface towards bottom. Overall, demonstrated highest indicating that design is effective sustainable nature-based solution climate.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Water
سال: 2021
ISSN: ['2073-4441']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/w13243485