Effect of astaxanthin and spirulina levels in black soldier fly larvae meal-based diets on growth performance and skin pigmentation in discus fish, Symphysodon sp.

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of spirulina levels and 100 mg kg −1 astaxanthin supplementation in diets replaced with 50% fishmeal by black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) on growth performance, survival rate (SR) skin color discus fish Symphysodon sp.. Fish were randomly distributed into 18 tanks at 10 fish/tank for each 6 experimental diets, treatments which consisted frozen beef-heart (T1), commercial feed (T2), remaining four being supplemented dried 0 g (T3), 3 (T4), (T5) 9 (T6) weeks. fed treatment had highest lowest FCR that differed significantly from other ( p < 0.05). After 10-week trial, intensity locations evaluated using CIE LAB space method. There an increasing trend L* value (brightness) positions body T1 T6; particularly, increased brightness. The a* (redness) all points found T2 (T3–T6) b* (yellowness) when diets. In conclusion, those BSFL enhanced SR but no effect performance. • Replacement meal performance fish. Carotenoid positive or negative rates addition carotenoid coloration.