منابع مشابه
Early fixation of an optimal genetic code.
The evolutionary forces that produced the canonical genetic code before the last universal ancestor remain obscure. One hypothesis is that the arrangement of amino acid/codon assignments results from selection to minimize the effects of errors (e.g., mistranslation and mutation) on resulting proteins. If amino acid similarity is measured as polarity, the canonical code does indeed outperform mo...
متن کاملThe Early Evolution of the Genetic Code
first genetic material may have used a simpler backbone than ribose. One candidate is peptide nucleic acid (PNA), in which the backbone is polymeric N-(2-amino-ethyl)glycine (AEG) and the N-acetic acids of the bases Evolutionary inferences rely on diversity. The source of (N 9 for purines, N 1 for pyrimidines) are linked via amide differences among organisms is accumulated diver-bonds (Figure 1...
متن کاملHow optimal is the genetic code?
The genetic code is well-known to be fault tolerant, in the sense that transcription errors in the third codon position frequently do not influence the amino acid expressed, while errors in other codon positions often lead to amino acids having similar chemical properties. Several articles in the recent past ([?, ?, ?] etc.) have studied the question of optimality of the genetic code. In [?] Di...
متن کاملAn Alternative Cracking of The Genetic Code
We propose 22 ‘unique’ solutions to the Genetic code: an alternative cracking, from the perspective of a Mathematician. INTRODUCTION The Genetic code is now known to consist of triplet bases specifying for an amino acid (1). But before any biochemical appreciation of the genetic code, a page copy of DNA of any kind ordinarily looks like a cryptographic code – a discrete set of symbols produced ...
متن کاملExpanding the Genetic Code of an Animal
Genetic code expansion, for the site-specific incorporation of unnatural amino acids into proteins, is currently limited to cultured cells and unicellular organisms. Here we expand the genetic code of a multicellular animal, the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Molecular Biology and Evolution
سال: 2000
ISSN: 1537-1719,0737-4038
DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a026331