Dual-Modular Stems for Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty

In primary total hip arthroplasty (THA), dual-modular stems were introduced to better restore stability, femoral offset, and leg length. This entry highlights the gathered knowledge about related complications in combinations with titanium (Ti) cobalt-chrome (CoCr) exchangeable necks. The reasons for a modular neck failure are multifactorial. Some of still on market despite fact th these designs have neither been proven durability nor shown any clinical benefits patients as compared monolithic stems. Apart from very limited indications, orthopaedic surgeons should not use stem THA.