Does Off-Farm Employment Promote the Low-Carbon Energy Intensity in China’s Rural Households?

A study linking the two economic and social phenomena of rural labor force migration energy transition can help analyze underlying causes “Energy Poverty”. However, how off-farm employment affects household low-carbon consumption its potential mechanisms requires further research. Using 1351 sampled households from “Rural Energy, Population Transfer Well-being” survey in 2018 2021 to explore response through which influence intensity. Utilizing multivariate regression, Sobel test, moderating effect results demonstrate that employment, including short-term long-term significantly increases intensity use among households. Specifically, tends have a greater positive contribution than employment. Furthermore, affect total income, surrounding people process also their The research reveals revolution under constraints “Carbon Neutral” Peak” should relate development achieve “Precise Energy Poverty Alleviation”.