Diversity of Synthetic Dyes from Textile Industries, Discharge Impacts and Treatment Methods

Natural dyes have been used from ancient times for multiple purposes, most importantly in the field of textile dying. The increasing demand and excessive costs natural dye extraction engendered discovery synthetic petrochemical compounds. Nowadays, they are dominating market, with nearly 8 × 105 tons produced per year due to their wide range color pigments consistent coloration. Textile industries consume huge amounts water dyeing processes, making it hard treat enormous quantities this hazardous wastewater. Thus, harmful impacts when discharged non-treated or partially treated forms environment (air, soil, plants water), causing several human diseases. In present work we focused on dyes. We started by studying classification which depended nature manufactured fiber (cellulose, protein dyes). Then, mentioned characteristics dyes, however, more negative ecosystem (soil, plants, air) humans. Lastly, discussed applied physical, chemical biological strategies solely combination wastewater treatments. Additionally, described newly established nanotechnology achieves complete discharge decontamination.