Disintegration Processes In North Caucasus On Eve And After Ussr Collapse

With the USSR collapse, North Caucasian region became a polygon, where Russian national policy was tested for strength. In early 1990s, ethno-territorial and ethno-status contradictions, which were defined as number of “problem issues”, escalated in Caucasus: “Shapsut question”; movement separate Karachay autonomy; question dividing Kabardino-Balkaria by ethnic lines; creation Ingush Nogai autonomy formation; “national-state self-determination Kumyk people within their historical territories”; restoration Aukhovsky (Chechen) boundaries 1944; proclamation Lezgi Dagestan. The systemic transformation Soviet system especially acute Chechen Republic, 1990s turned into springboard separatism international terrorism, becoming zone religious political extremism. formation new models republican state structure is connected both with general situation country specific regional features. trend links origins inter-ethnic tension Caucasus legal archaization region, revival traditional practices deformed form that impede economic modernization integration peoples society. At beginning 21st century, administrative map stabilized.