Directly Synthesized Graphene-Based Photonics and Optoelectronics Devices

In the past two decades, extensive research and studies have been performed on graphene because of its exceptional physical properties. Owing to ultrahigh carrier mobility, quantum Hall effect unique optical transmittance, is considered be a multi-functional component for realizing next-generation optoelectronic photonic devices. Significant efforts made towards efficient synthesis, transfer, integration use in device scale. However, critical hurdles lie developing 3D conformal graphene, which are ideal integrated hybrid systems. Here, we review different methods synthesizing specifically recent advances synthesis direct, conformal, graphene. addition, comprehensively summarize latest progress directly grown, 3D, graphene-based applications. Finally, several important challenges large-sale implementation grown devices discussed.