Direct writing in three dimensions

Parallel direct laser writing in three dimensions with spatially dependent aberration correction.

We propose a hologram design process which aims at reducing aberrations in parallel three-dimensional direct laser writing applications. One principle of the approach is to minimise the diffractive power of holograms while retaining the degree of parallelisation. This reduces focal distortion caused by chromatic aberration. We address associated problems such as the zero diffraction order and a...

Direct Ink Writing of Three-Dimensional Ceramic Structures

The ability to pattern ceramic materials in three dimensions (3D) is critical for structural, functional, and biomedical applications. One facile approach is direct ink writing (DIW), in which 3D structures are built layer-by-layer through the deposition of colloidalor polymer-based inks. This approach allows one to design and rapidly fabricate ceramic materials in complex 3D shapes without the...

Biology in three dimensions

Most things in biology spread out into three dimensions, and many biological web sites include three-dimensional images. But biologists want more than a look at something. They want to pick it up and look at it from all sides, which is where three-dimensional images that can be manipulated online really come into their own. One approach to such interactive images relies on VRML (virtual reality...

Collapsars in Three Dimensions

We present the results of 3-dimensional simulations of the direct collapse to a black hole of a rotating, 60M⊙, zero metallicity, population III star. Because the structure of this star (angular momentum, density and temperature profiles) is similar to many collapsar gamma-ray burst progenitors, these calculations have implications beyond the fate of population III stars. These simulations prov...

Supersymmetry in Three Dimensions