Differentiated integration as a fair scheme of cooperation

Differentiated integration (DI), whereby some MS opt out or are excluded from certain common EU policies for sovereignty capacity reasons, may be thought to undermine the EU’s functioning as what John Rawls called a fair scheme of cooperation, grounded in norms impartiality and reciprocity. However, we argue that different forms DI can compatible with either cooperation between states on model Rawls’ Law Peoples among citizens two principles domestic justice. Meanwhile, has features both, being an international Union supra- trans-national citizens. We defend coherence this combination contend provide justified mechanism ensuring fairness remains both within across states. Indeed it offers potential other cooperation.