Differentiated Implementation of Controls: The Internal Border Regimes of Schengen

The use of temporary internal border controls in the Schengen Area reached a new record during outbreak and spread Covid-19 pandemic. Several member states chose to introduce that had not done so up until point, while others have continuous place since refugee crisis 2015. Other never or only rarely used this opt-out from principle free movement persons inside Schengen. This development has raised question whether we are moving towards disintegration as make very different choices regarding their EU neighbours. Comparing by all states, article suggests concept differentiated implementation explain variations regimes among states. Focusing on two dimensions control, control originating internally externally EU, typology is developed conceptualises four types regimes. analysis illustrates these applying them 2022, identifying grouping proposed presented represents an ambition conceptualise differences previously often been understood general problem regime.