Diagnosis of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> Infection in Low Out-Outcome Country: Rapid Urease Test, Serological Test, versus Direct Microbiological Examination with Gram Stain

Introduction: Helicobacter pylori is a gram-negative bacillus responsible for numerous gastroduodenal pathologies, and this infection public health problem. The prevalence of with bacterium remains high in countries limited resources. Diagnosis relies mainly on invasive noninvasive methods. aim work was to evaluate the different indirect diagnostic methods using bacterial cultures. Methods: We conducted cross-sectional analytical study from January May 2022 gastroenterology departments Douala General Hospital Military Hospital. All patients aged 18 years older who were consultation agreed participate included our study. Sociodemographic, clinical, paraclinical data collected. Urease, liquid urea, culture tests performed specimens obtained by fibroscopy. Serological blood sample. Results: 101 included, 58 female 43 male, sex ratio 1.3. mean age 44.2 ± 16 years. 90.5%, 44.1%, 40.6% 21.8% serology, direct microbiological examination, RUT (rapid urea test) culture, respectively. Comparison showed sensitivity specificity 67.1% 64%, respectively, RUT, 100% 73.7%, 14.8%, serology. positive negative predictive values 39.5% 39% 85% 55.6% Conclusion: depends type test used. Direct examination more reliable than