Development of a Municipal Solid Waste Management Life Cycle Assessment Tool for Banepa Municipality, Nepal

In this study, the life cycle assessment (LCA) method has been used to evaluate environmental impacts of various municipal solid waste (MSW) management system scenarios in Banepa municipality, Nepal, terms global warming potential (GWP), acidification (AP), eutrophication (EP), human toxicity (HTP), abiotic depletion (ADP), and photochemical ozone creation (POCP). There are at least six possible MSW Banepa: current or baseline scenario (Scenario 1); composting with landfilling 2); material recovery facility (MRF) recycling, composting, 3); MRF anaerobic digestion (AD); 4); MRF, AD, 5); and, finally, incineration 6). Using both information from Ecoinvent 3.6 (2019) published research articles, a spreadsheet tool based on LCA approach was created. The impact recycling rate each abovementioned evaluated using sensitivity analysis, which showed that can considerably decrease life-cycle emissions system. Scenario 3 found have overall GWP 974.82 kg CO2 eq. per metric ton (t), EP 0.04 PO4 eq./t, AP 0.15 SO2 HTP 4.55 1,4 DB ADP −0.03 Sb POCP 0.06 C2H4 eq./t. By adoption biological treatments such as categories AP, EP, HTP, ADP, POCP, be significantly reduced. findings study potentially serve reference for cities developing world order aid planning operation environmentally friendly systems.