Deterministic all-optical quantum state sharing

Quantum state sharing, an important protocol in quantum information, can enable secure distribution and reconstruction when part of the information is lost. In (k, n) threshold secret encoded into n shares then distributed to players. The be reconstructed by any k players (k > / 2), while rest get nothing. continuous variable regime, implementation sharing needs feedforward technique, which involves optic-electro electro-optic conversions. These conversions limit bandwidth sharing. Here, avoid conversions, we experimentally demonstrate (2, 3) deterministic all-optical A low-noise phase-insensitive amplifier based on four-wave mixing process utilized replace technique. We that two three cooperate implement state, cannot information. Our results provide platform arbitrary pave way construct broadband network.