Deoxynivalenol interferes with intestinal motility via injuring the contractility of enteric smooth muscle cells: A novel hazard to the gastrointestinal tract by environmental toxins

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a prevalent Fusarium mycotoxin, occurs predominantly in the global environment, especially cereals, animal feed and food commodities. The widespread contamination causes serious risk to human health. DON usually impairs weight gain, which presumably from its capacity reduce intake by interfering with intestinal motility. To clarify role of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) contractility motility growth inhibition caused DON, twelve weaned piglets were firstly divided into two groups control or mycotoxin-contaminated (MC) diet. Results showed that final body weight, average daily gain significantly reduced fed MC Exposure diet also decreased thickness layer SMCs contractile markers expression (myosin heavy chain 11, actin gamma 2, transgelin, calponin 1) jejunum ileum piglets. Furthermore, oral supplementation (3 mg/kg weight) mice six consecutive days could inhibit upper transit, impede normal defecation downregulate small intestine. Finally, we generated porcine enteric cell line (PISMC), found depress decreasing PISMC proliferation, migration expression. In conclusion, these findings vivo vitro suggest as common environmental toxin, can not only proliferative motile phenotype, but decrease apparatus components (contractile expression) SMCs, turn influences then interferes performance.