Degradations of novel tetranuclear vanadyl glycollates to dinuclear species

Solvent control: dinuclear versus tetranuclear complexes of a bis-tetradentate pyrimidine-based ligand.

A new bis-tetradentate acyclic amine ligand L(Et) has been synthesized from 4,6-bis(aminomethyl)-2-phenylpyrimidine and 2-vinylpyridine. Dinuclear complexes, Mn(II)(2)L(Et)(MeCN)(H(2)O)(3)(ClO(4))(4) (1), Fe(II)(2)L(Et)(H(2)O)(4)(BF(4))(4) (2), Co(II)(2)L(Et)(H(2)O)(3)(MeCN)(2)(BF(4))(4) (3), Ni(II)(2)L(Et)(H(2)O)(4)(BF(4))(4) (4), Ni(II)(2)L(Et)(H(2)O)(4)(ClO(4))(4)·8H(2)O (4'), Cu(II)(2)L(Et)...

Reactivity of the dinuclear fulvalene cyclopentadienyl zirconium cationic species [{Zr(

The dinuclear cationic zirconium compound [{Zr( -C5H5)}2( -CH2)( -Cl)( -C5H4-C5H4)][BMe(C6F5)3] 1 reacts in dichloromethane at −78 °C with three equivalents of RNC (R= Bu, 2,6-Me2C6H3) via insertion into the Zr-methylene bond to give the new zirconium cationic species [{Zr( -C5H5)}2(Cl)(CNBu){ -[ -CN(Bu)-CH2-CN(Bu)}( -C5H4-C5H4)][BMe(C6F5)3] 2 and [{Zr( -C5H5)}2(Cl){CN(2,6-Me2C6H3)}[ -{CN(2,6-M...

A Novel Carbon Paste Electrode for Potentiometric Determination of Vanadyl Ion

Carbon paste electrode was modified by disodium 2,4-diamino-7-methylbenzo[g] pteridine-5,10-dioxide to fabricate a sensor for potentiometric determination of vanadyl ion (VO2+) in aqueous medium. The new ligand was synthesized in three steps with high yield. The optimal composition of the carbon paste was made of graphite powder (64.5%), ionophore (16.6%), paraffin oil (17.8%), a...

Self-assembly directed by dinuclear zinc(II) macrocyclic species

Uniqueness of bilevel image degradations

Two major degradations, edge displacement and comer erosion, change the appearance of bilevel images. The displacement of an edge determines stroke width, and the erosion ofa comer affects crispness. These degradations are functions of the system parameters: the point spread function (PSF) width and functional form, and the binarization threshold. Changing each of these parameters will affect a...