Defects in olivine
نویسندگان
چکیده
Abstract. Olivine, a ferromagnesian orthosilicate, is the most abundant mineral in Earth's upper mantle and stable down to olivine–wadsleyite phase transition, which defines 410 km depth transition zone. Olivine also occurs crustal environments metamorphic hydrothermal rocks expected be major constituent of Martian Venusian mantles. The olivine atomic structure used materials science manufacture lithium batteries. Like any other crystalline solid, including minerals, never with perfect structure: defects various dimensions are ubiquitous, from point, line, planar three-dimensional (3-D) inclusions. In this contribution, I review current state art several implications for key processes occurring mantle. Intrinsic extrinsic point detailed, exemplifying astonishing diversity impurities mantle-derived olivine. Linear defects, one defect types responsible ductile deformation solids, examined light recent progress 3-D transmission electron microscopy, has revealed an important dislocation slip systems. summarize principal characteristics interface olivine: free surface, grain boundaries, internal defects. As least-studied date, represent challenge future studies main application numerical simulation methods science. provide overview melt, fluid, inclusions, widely studied volcanology igneous petrology. Special attention given new that act as agents: disclinations (rotational defects) potential occurrence disconnections olivine, both occur along or near boundaries. Finally, detail outstanding questions research directions will further our understanding specificities paradoxes olivine-rich ultimately their dynamics
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: European Journal of Mineralogy
سال: 2021
ISSN: ['1617-4011', '0935-1221']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-33-249-2021