Declining Distance Effects in International Trade: Some Country-Level Evidence

Declining Distance Effects in International Trade: Some Country-Level Evidence

Technical progress can be expected to reduce transport costs over time, yet most studies of bilateral trade based on the gravity model find distance effects to be increasing rather than decreasing. We investigate countries’ openness to international trade (the ratio of exports plus imports to GDP). We find that trade decreases with geographical remoteness, land area, and lack of access to the s...

Pattern of International Trade through West Bengal: Some Evidence from Port-Level Data

Decline in Distance Effect in International Trade

International Trade and Job Polarization: Evidence at the Worker Level∗

This paper examines the role of international trade for job polarization, the phenomenon in which employment for highand low-wage occupations increases but mid-wage occupations decline. With employer-employee matched data on virtually all workers and firms in Denmark between 1999 and 2009, we use instrumentalvariables techniques and a quasi-natural experiment to show that import competition is ...

Tying in International Trade: Evidence on Countertrade

OUNTERTRADE is tied trade. In a typical transaction a CPE or LDC imports goods and the exporting party usually a firm in a western industrial country commits itself to make an offsetting purchase at some future date. Since the mid seventies countertrade has become a significant phenomenon in international trade. Reasonable estimates vary between 10 and 20 per cent of world trade (see OECD, 1985...