Da’wah Activities through Mountaineering: Multidisciplinary Overview of Pendaki Hijabers Community in Indonesia

Prevalence of Knee OA in Karate Community in Indonesia

Background. Osteoarthritis (OA) ranks fifth in the most disabling conditions. Karate is an unarmed combat sport that uses hands and feet to deliver and block blows. The karate movements, such as high load and frequent flexion and extension of the knee, make the athletes susceptible to knee injuries and progress to knee OA (KOA). Objectives. The study aims to address the prevalence and risk fac...

Ancient Gold Mining Activities in India - An Overview

Gold was obtained through washing or panning of the river sands during initial periods of civilisation. With the advent of knowledge of metallurgical processing of ores it was recovered through mining of in-situ quartz reefs, and then from auriferous sulphide ores. The metal mining activities are evidenced in the form of large number of ‘ancient metal mines’ or ‘old workings’ and ‘placer mining...

Overview of the Qa'im's (PBUH) Rehabilitation Center Activities

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Indonesia 184 CHAPTER 3 PRIMARY MARKET ACTIVITIES

Elephants avoid costly mountaineering

Understanding the behavioural decisions underlying animal movements is a major challenge. Here we report evidence for the importance of the abiotic terrain feature 'gradient' in guiding the movements of African savannah elephants (Loxodonta africana). Global Positioning System (GPS) tracking data overlaid onto digital elevation and surface gradient models show that elephants tend to avoid steep...