Dam Surface Deformation Monitoring and Analysis Based on PS-InSAR Technology: A Case Study of Xiaolangdi Reservoir Dam in China

The Xiaolangdi Dam is a key project for the control and development of Yellow River. It bears functions flood control, controlling water sediment in lower reaches, ice prevention, industrial agricultural supply, power generation, so on. Its safety related to people’s life property local economic social development. great significance carry out comprehensive regular deformation monitoring dams since an important evaluation index dam safety. Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) technology has been rapidly evolving field space geodesy recent years. offers advantages such as high precision, extensive coverage, point density, making it powerful tool deformations hydraulic engineering projects. Based on Sentinel-1 data covering from September 2020 November 2022, PS-InSAR technique was used obtain surface Dam, reservoir level image acquisition dates were obtained joint analysis. results show that there large center crest while both sides slope downstream foot are relatively stable. time series body closely change. When increases, tends deform downstream; when decreases, upstream. exhibit clear negative correlation. There no significant cumulative slopes or at base dam. However, occurs over central area dam’s crest. process follows continuous non-disruptive pattern, which consistent with typical behavior earth–rock structure. Therefore, judged current does not impact safe operation InSAR enables rapid high-precision, high-density information surfaces dams. With increasing number radar satellites various frequency bands, TerraSAR-X, now ample supply available sources applications. Consequently, can be extended routine applications deformations, especially small medium-sized reservoirs may equipped ground measurement tools like GNSS. This holds importance potential enhancing reservoirs.